HL4IT (Interaction of Humans with Level 4 automated vehicles in an Italian environment) investigates how humans interact with Level 4 (L4) automated vehicles, with the goal of supporting the development of autonomous mobility in Italy and providing scientific and regulatory insights. The project focuses on the specific characteristics of the Italian driving environment and on the psychophysiological behaviour of drivers during takeover manoeuvres, a key aspect for L4 safety. The experimental campaign involvedmore than 50 participants and used the DriSMi simulator, an advanced DiM400 cable-driven dynamic simulator located at Politecnico di Milano. Tests rely on a comprehensive set of sensors, including eye tracking, EEG, EMG, ECG, skin conductance and an instrumented steering wheel. Various Operational Design Domains representative of Italian scenarios are reproduced, introducing disturbances during the transition of control from the vehicle to the driver. The experiments assess acceptance of L4 automation, cognitive load, attention and the effectiveness of post-takeover manoeuvres. The results will enable a psychophysiological driver characterization and a deeper understanding of human–vehicle interaction under Italian-specific conditions. HL4IT will eventually produce guidelines for the Italian Ministry of Infrastructure and Mobility to support the introduction of L4 automated vehicles.